Ma 2024 április 19. Emma napja van. Holnap Tivadar napja lesz.
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Platón

2009 április 13. Flag

Szöveg méret
Még nincs értékelve

Melyikünk ne szeretne egy olyan államban élni, ahol minden tökéletesen működik. Rend van, nincs bűnözés. Mindenki ismeri és tudja a saját feladatát, s olyan emberek irányítják, akik arra érdemesek.

  Platón már az ókorban megfogalmazta ezeket a gondolatokat az ideális államról szóló elméletében. Platón etikai tanításainak a legfontosabb célja a harmonikus, emberi boldogság megteremtése volt. Állameszményében három kasztra osztotta a társadalmat: a vezetőkre, akik hatalmas tudással rendelkeztek és a bölcsesség erényét is, birtokolták; az őrzőkre, akiknek a feladata az állam rendjének a fenntartása volt; illetve a dolgozók kasztjára, akik szorgos, becsületes munkájukkal hozzájárultak az ideális állam tökéletes működéséhez. A XV. Században fedezte fel a nyugati kultúra ismét Platónt, a humanizmus hajnalán. Ekkor alapított Ficino, Firenzében Akadémiát, Platón gondolatainak a továbbadására. Az sem lehetett a véletlen műve, hogy Mátyás királyunk számtalan Firenzében végzett fiatallal vette körül magát, s feltehetően Platón gondolataival felvértezve lett korának egyik legnagyobb uralkodója. Az „árnyékozó liget” -ahogy Platón nevezte az akadémiáját- a bölcsesség átadásának és a jóra nevelésnek lett a helyszíne.
Bár Platón ideális állameszménye egy utópia csupán, ennek ellenére számos elemét megtalálhatjuk a modern társadalmakban, s hiszem, hogy a jóra, a tökéletesre törekvés egyre inkább sajátja lesz az új, immár egységesülő Európának.

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